Be different!

In 1933, German psychologist Hedwig Von Restorff conducted a simple yet groundbreaking experiment on human memory. She presented participants with a list of words that were all categorized similarly, except for one word that was completely different.

For example, the list could include words like “cat,” “dog,” “lion,” and “tiger” (all related to animals), with the word “conduit” (out of context for animals) inserted. After the list was shown, participants were asked to recall as many words as possible.

This phenomenon came to be known as the Von Restorff effect, which revealed that isolated items stand out in memory due to their uniqueness.

Naturally, businesses have leveraged this effect to create more impactful advertising campaigns. A commercial or ad that breaks away from the typical visual or narrative patterns of conventional media can be more effective in grabbing attention and being remembered. For instance, an ad may feature an unusual element or an unexpected image associated with a product to ensure it stands out in the consumer’s mind.

In design, highlighting certain visual elements can make an item more memorable. This is commonly used in user interfaces and website design, where key elements are emphasized to capture the user’s attention.

In a world saturated with information, uniqueness has become a powerful tool to attract attention and improve customer retention, whether for products, brands, or ideas.

Does a blank sheet of paper mean nothing?

The American John Cage (1912-1992) was a composer who is probably known for just one work: 4’33”. It is an experimental piece that can be performed by any instrument and, even better, by any person.

The score instructs the performer to NOT play their instrument for exactly four minutes and thirty-three seconds, because the “music,” in this case, consists of the ambient sounds that the audience hears during the performance.

In short, a very simple little piece of music.

But, no matter how much this might seem like pure nonsense (I, for instance, wouldn’t pay to attend such a concert, since I could play it for free on the piano here at home), there is an interesting question to analyze not by what it is, but by what is around it.

Imagine a piece of paper with nothing written or drawn on it. Just a blank space.

This empty area actually has the same importance as the written or drawn elements on it. It is this separation of background and elements, as well as sound and silence, that explains the dependence our perception has on the surrounding environment.

Take, for example, the classic image of the two heads facing each other.

Or am I seeing a white vase? In any case, both options are valid. Figure and background have the same importance.

Similarly, we can say that size and brightness are also relative. Look at the figure below and say without thinking: are the shades of gray in the central square of these two figures the same?

They are. The simultaneous contrast of the surrounding squares is what ends up deceiving our eyes.

And what about the diameter of the central dots in the two illustrations—are they the same?

Yes, they are. The small and large dots around them, when seen side by side, create this perception.

So, now that we know that there is no such thing as “nothing” and that even the illusory emptiness of a blank page has its function in design, I had an idea: I’m going to write a book with only blank pages.

Preferably one where the reader can read for exactly four minutes and thirty-three seconds.

How to get a “yes!”

I once heard about a guy who went to a rock concert. When he was leaving, he saw a huge line to pay for parking. Instead of waiting, he approached two big guys who were almost at the front of the line and asked them:

“Can I skip ahead? It´s because I really hate waiting in lines.”

To his surprise, they said yes. The simple fact that he gave a reason, even if it was completely absurd, worked in his favor and let him cut in line.

This highlights a principle that marketing professionals have known for a long time: giving a reason when asking for something can make a big difference.

I often say that the customer isn’t king; the customer is a partner. If they have a problem and you have the solution, it’s a perfect match: they buy your product or service, you get paid, and everyone’s happy.

But sometimes, customers hesitate, delay, or avoid payment altogether. This can be especially tricky when the relationship isn’t contractual.

Take designers, for instance. They often provide services without any formal safeguards, but neither you nor I are a bank.

For two months, I had to keep reminding a client to pay for a small project I had completed and delivered. It wasn’t a large amount, but it was a real hassle to get paid.

Finally, one day, I wrote to her and explained why I was asking for the payment. Miraculously, the money appeared in my account shortly after.

Of course, not everything works out this perfectly every time. But generally speaking, there’s no need to shout or throw a tantrum. Sometimes, all it takes is a brief explanation—no matter how unusual it may seem—to get what we want.

And now, since you’ve read this far, could you please do me a favor? Comment on this post.

It´s because I really hate waiting in lines.

Brands that last

When the president turned ninety, the directors of his company decided to honor him with a small turtle, symbolizing resilience and longevity.

Upon opening the package, the president made a face and declined the gift. He said he might grow attached to the little animal and would be deeply saddened if the turtle, which can live for over a century, were to die before him.

Brands are also meant to endure. However, the ability to survive in a constantly changing environment is a different challenge altogether.

This is the challenge every designer faces when creating a visual identity that not only stands the test of time but also keeps the brand alive.

Although I can’t remember the last time I used a film camera, the image of the Kodak logo, once the market leader in photographic film, remains sharp in my memory.

Similarly, the torn blue ticket from Blockbuster, the largest DVD rental franchise that went bankrupt more than a decade ago, lingers in my mind.

The product in these cases is like a turtle that has died. But the visible side of the brand remains intact, like its shell.

8 Ways to Stay Creative

Creativity is something critical for all of us. How many times have I found myself blocked in front of a blank page, not knowing where to begin?

Perhaps you have also encountered that situation where you imagine what you want, to the point of visualizing the finished work. You just don’t know how to get there.

It’s not like that story of Michelangelo, who, when asked how he sculpted his nearly five-meter-high David, simply replied that it was easy, that he spent a good amount of time staring at the block of marble until he saw the man who had slain the giant Goliath in it. Then, all he had to do was pick up his tools and remove everything that wasn’t David. It’s perhaps an artistic case of reverse engineering.

The good news is that we are not Michelangelo. We don’t need to reach that level of hallucination.

But regardless of your profession, at some point, you rely on creativity.

However, ideas don’t fall from the sky or magically appear out of thin air. First and foremost, you need to create an environment for them to flourish and grow.

The fact is that over these years, I’ve realized that intuitively there are ways for us to seek inspiration when it refuses to appear.

Here, I mention eight of them. But, of course, there are many others (by the way, if you know of one, please let me know):

1. You know who fights with your brain. Creativity is like a tide—it ebbs and flows. It doesn’t announce its arrival or follow a schedule. An entrepreneur may expect an employee to complete a task at a specific time, but they can’t demand that a great idea strikes precisely at 9:12 in the morning. So, stop tormenting yourself and give yourself some time.

2. Go for a walk. Take a walk along the beach, in the park, through the streets for at least half an hour. Taking a breather, and changing your environment, even if only for a short time, has a powerful effect on the creative process.

3. Carry a notepad. Put away your iPhone, your iPad, and other gadgets, and have a pencil and paper on hand. Manual sketching, doodling, drawing, jotting down anything that comes to mind, it’s all unique and valuable.

4. Do something similar. We learn by copying others. Copy and replicate the style of an artist or a text from a great writer. See what you can assimilate from there. Starting from what already exists, you can create something new. Few things in this world are truly original.

5. Do something different. If you’re a designer, write a text (I’m providing an example right now). If you’re a writer or a journalist, for instance, create drawings. If you’re a professional in the exact sciences, paint pictures. Explore a less familiar territory in your daily life. Take up a new hobby or skill. And how about reading books from different genres?

6. Change your environment. Your surroundings significantly impact your creativity. A dull or repetitive environment can hinder fresh ideas, while a new and stimulating setting can boost inspiration. Break the monotony by changing the place where you usually work. If it’s at home, try moving to a different room for a while. If your activity is in an office, find another room or desk. Go to a library. Step into a bookstore. Remember, you don’t have to enter a café just for the coffee.

7. Brainstorming. This is already a well-known method for generating ideas. But it works. Just jot down everything that comes to mind, without censorship, without filtering or refining the sketch. Anything goes here. Just knowing that much of what you do will be discarded and thrown away already relieves a lot of pressure to create and produce something final.

8. Keep calm. We live in a world of inputs – there’s so much information entering our heads all the time through WhatsApp, the internet, emails, TV, music, newspapers, advertisements, you name it. It can be overwhelming to find space for creative thinking. That’s why I occasionally disconnect from it all, take a break from the outside world, and meditate in my inner world. Fifteen minutes of silence and deep breathing is worth its weight in gold.

All of this ends up being actions that, in some way, nourish our brains. Images take shape. We feel inspired. It’s the time when we are finally ready to be brilliant and create something memorable.

The bad news is that we are not Michelangelo.